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Yousefi B, Dadseresht S, Karimi M, Esmaeili J. GONAL-F Induced Endometrial Thickness Changes in Ovariectomized Rats With and Without HCG. ASJ 2019; 16 (1) :57-64
URL: http://anatomyjournal.ir/article-1-215-en.html

Introduction: To attach the fetus to the endometrial epithelium, the endometrium should be affected and allowed by the steroid hormones secreted from the ovary. Thus, the endometrium is then subject to several structural and biochemical changes. Implantation involves the embedment, adhesion and invasion steps that specific receptors are engaged in that. The role of membrane receptors in uterine epithelium is important. Most of these receptors are glycoprotein and among which integrins are of importance. In menstrual period, the uterus undergoes structural changes, so that endometrium is provided for the placenta and the embryo in addition to extracellular matrix, especially fibronectin. 
Methods: The animals were anesthetized with ketamine and xylacin intraperitoneally, to perform surgery. After opening the abdomen, the ovaries were removed from both sides. After 72 hours, and observing the vaginal plaque, animals received high doses of ketamine and xylazine. The left uterine horn was removed and placed in fixative solutions and prepared for cutting during the tissue processing of the molds. The slices were stained with PAS to determine the glycoprotein layer thickness. 
Results: There is a statistically significant difference in the increased luminal membrane thickness of glycoprotein layer of endometrial epithelium cells between the Gonal-F receptor groups with hCG, compared to other groups at the same time. 
Conclusion: The study results indicated that Gonal-F and hCG can increase the amount of glycoprotein expression without damaging the endometrial wall.