en Original Original <p dir="ltr" style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Introduction:</strong> The Persian Squirrel (Sciurus anomalus) is the only member of the Sciuridae&nbsp;family found in the Middle East. Some people maintain them as pets, thus their referrals to&nbsp;veterinary hospitals has been increased recently. Several morphological studies have been&nbsp;carried out mainly on the arch of aorta and its branches in common rodents, small mammals,&nbsp;and domestic animals but there are no reports on the details of the arcus aortae and its&nbsp;branches in the Persian squirrel despite the massive distribution of this species. Therefore, this&nbsp;study aimed to investigate the anatomy of the arcus aortae in this species to promote future&nbsp;investigations in this field.<br> <strong>Methods:</strong> Four adult Persian squirrels were used for this research. The subjects were injected&nbsp;with red-colored latex into their left ventricles. Then, they were dissected and the pattern of&nbsp;arcus aortae branches was illustrated in the Persian squirrel.<br> <strong>Results:</strong> The arcus aortae branches off to the truncus brachiocephalicus and the arteria subclavia&nbsp;sinistra. At first the arteria carotis sinistra arises from the truncus brachiocephalicus and then&nbsp;continues to give off the arteria carotis dextra and arteria subclavia dextra. The subclavia dextra&nbsp;and sinistra branch into the same vessels, including arteria thoracica interna, arteria vertebralis,&nbsp;arteria cervicalis superficialis, arteria cervicalis profunda, and a common root which ramifies&nbsp;to the arteria scapularis dorsalis and the arteria intercostalis supreme.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The vessels originating from the arcus aortae showed significant differences,&nbsp;especially in the arteria subclavia branches compared to other rodents and small mammals.</p> Squirrel, Anatomy, Aortic-arch 177 182 http://anatomyjournal.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-120-1&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Javad Sadeghinezhad Sadeghinezhad@ut.ac.ir 10031947532846001311 10031947532846001311 Yes Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Narges Zadsar narges.zadsar@gmail.com 10031947532846001312 10031947532846001312 No Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. Soroush Bakhtiari Rad bakhtiariraad@ut.ac.ir 10031947532846001313 10031947532846001313 No Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.